INDEPENDENT MERCHANT INTELLIGENCEPUBLIC BETA / SEPTEMBER 2026 BASELINE
Protocol decision brief / No winner badges

ACP vs UCP

Which commerce integration path matches your target surface?

Merchant answer / Evidence review pending

Both address commerce interactions, but matching their labels is not enough. Compare released operations, merchant onboarding and the enabled provider implementation. Choose a target surface, then map its documented data and checkout route to your existing platform. An ACP feed approval and a UCP profile solve different pieces of the merchant onboarding problem.

What this establishes
A practical way to inspect evidence and make the next merchant decision.

What it cannot establish
An unresolved dependency remains. Treat affected claims as provisional. Live merchant deployment, private account eligibility, purchase completion or guaranteed AI selection.

Evidence dates and document versions remain attached to the ledger below. Editorial presentation reviewed 30 September 2026; this is not a new source verification.

The overlap

Both address commerce interactions, but matching their labels is not enough. Compare released operations, merchant onboarding and the enabled provider implementation.

The merchant decision

Choose a target surface, then map its documented data and checkout route to your existing platform. An ACP feed approval and a UCP profile solve different pieces of the merchant onboarding problem.

Layer-aware comparison / protocol

Where they overlap.
Where they complement.

Compare roles and implementation work. A shared capability does not make two systems interchangeable.

Decision dimensionACPUCP
LayerCommerceCommerce
RoleDefines commerce interactions; OpenAI also documents structured product feed ingestion.Connects catalog, cart, checkout and related commerce capabilities across implementations.
Statusbeta specificationreleased
Version2026-04-17 · repository identifies specification as beta2026-08-25
DiscoveryProduct feeds documented/.well-known/ucp profile; optional catalog capability
CheckoutSpecified; merchant deployment conditionalCommerce checkout capability
PaymentHandler integration; not itself a payment networkPayment handlers; complements authorization protocols
AuthorizationIntegration-specific; confirm chosen flowCan work with AP2; capability-specific
TransportHTTP APIs; released repository includes MCP workREST, MCP and A2A bindings documented
AdoptionPublic spec and partner access docs; store-level use not inferredGoogle and Shopify describe scoped implementations
What it does not solveDoes not guarantee ChatGPT placement or automatic merchant approval.Does not make every declared capability live on every shopping surface.
Evidence6 source record(s)

Checked 2026-09-28

public-preview; scope-dependent

5 source record(s)

Checked 2026-09-28

live; scope-dependent

Unknown ≠ unsupported. Announcements and product documentation are not proof of your live integration.

Overlap and replacement risk

These entries occupy a related layer. Test their exact operations, data paths and eligibility before treating one as a substitute. Keep your source of product truth, fulfillment responsibility and payment obligations explicit.

Evidence ledger

Go to the source.

Primary documentation records what is publicly stated. It does not independently prove outcomes or your account’s eligibility.

  • ACP specification repository

    OpenAI / Stripe · official primary · Checked 2026-09-28

    Claim scope: Specification version and scope

    Latest stable shown as 2026-04-17; development branch is not a release.

    Source ID: acp-spec · Published: Not stated

  • Agentic Commerce Protocol

    OpenAI · official primary · Checked 2026-09-28

    Claim scope: Structured catalog and inventory ingestion for ChatGPT

    Source ID: openai-commerce · Published: Not stated

  • Get started with commerce

    OpenAI · official primary · Checked 2026-09-28

    Claim scope: Product feed access

    Approved partners; file and API delivery. This is not evidence of universal checkout availability.

    Source ID: openai-start · Published: Not stated

  • File upload overview

    OpenAI · official primary · Checked 2026-09-28

    Claim scope: Full snapshot feed delivery

    At least daily delivery recommended; not a scanner protocol endpoint.

    Source ID: openai-feed · Published: Not stated

  • Acp Changelog — V1.1 source capture

    OpenAI / Stripe · official primary · Checked 2026-09-28

    Claim scope: Version metadata and documented changes only; not merchant adoption.

    SHA-256 of retrieved source response: 6b58fb81a436890ede612af94779b0b60a127d95aa0a44b8179d20bb605ca8ea

    Source ID: v11-acp-changelog · Published: Not stated

  • Acp Readme — V1.1 source capture

    OpenAI / Stripe · official primary · Checked 2026-09-28

    Claim scope: Version metadata and documented changes only; not merchant adoption.

    SHA-256 of retrieved source response: a427ed74696286be7804bb3a4c5dc4c9461b4862da1ed461eeb3e723b03bca9a

    Source ID: v11-acp-readme · Published: Not stated

  • UCP overview, 2026-08-25

    UCP · official primary · Checked 2026-09-28

    Claim scope: Discovery profile and commerce capabilities

    Version-pinned profile discovery; declared capabilities do not prove successful transactions.

    Source ID: ucp-spec · Published: Not stated

  • Under the hood: UCP

    Google · official primary · Checked 2026-09-28

    Claim scope: Commerce semantics and interoperability

    Source ID: ucp-google · Published: 2026-01-11

  • Holiday agentic commerce updates

    Google · official primary · Checked 2026-09-28

    Claim scope: UCP merchant integration hub and AI performance insights

    US rollout; later markets are future plans. Scale/performance statements are Google claims.

    Source ID: google-september · Published: 2026-09-16

  • Agentic commerce for every developer

    Shopify · official primary · Checked 2026-09-28

    Claim scope: Developer UCP and Catalog access

    Self-serve developer access. Conversion metrics in the article are vendor claims, not our results.

    Source ID: shopify-june · Published: 2026-06-17

  • Ucp Releases — V1.1 source capture

    UCP maintainers · official primary · Checked 2026-09-28

    Claim scope: Version metadata and documented changes only; not merchant adoption.

    SHA-256 of retrieved source response: a554d5a172bb62d0d22abda152b99817fddd9735f434866d1c49863274dc049c

    Source ID: v11-ucp-releases · Published: Not stated

Dispute a fact or suggest a source