INDEPENDENT MERCHANT INTELLIGENCEPUBLIC BETA / SEPTEMBER 2026 BASELINE
Protocol decision brief / No winner badges

AP2 vs x402

What permits the action, and what pays for the resource?

Merchant answer / Editorial synthesis

An HTTP payment flow and a purchase-authorization protocol answer different questions. Payment success alone does not define the full scope of a shopper’s authority. Document the authorized intent separately from the resource payment. Confirm both are supported by your actual providers, rather than inferring interoperability from an ecosystem diagram.

What this establishes
A practical way to inspect evidence and make the next merchant decision.

What it cannot establish
Live merchant deployment, private account eligibility, purchase completion or guaranteed AI selection.

Evidence dates and document versions remain attached to the ledger below. Editorial presentation reviewed 30 September 2026; this is not a new source verification.

The overlap

An HTTP payment flow and a purchase-authorization protocol answer different questions. Payment success alone does not define the full scope of a shopper’s authority.

The merchant decision

Document the authorized intent separately from the resource payment. Confirm both are supported by your actual providers, rather than inferring interoperability from an ecosystem diagram.

Layer-aware comparison / protocol

Where they overlap.
Where they complement.

Compare roles and implementation work. A shared capability does not make two systems interchangeable.

Decision dimensionAP2x402
LayerIdentity & trustPayments
RoleUses linked checkout/payment mandates and receipts to bind authorization.Connects a resource request to payment requirements and a paid retry.
Statusreleasedpublished specification
Version0.2.02
DiscoveryOutside scopeResource-specific payment requirements
CheckoutAuthorizes checkout; does not define commerce APIOutside retail checkout scope
PaymentMandates and receipts; not a settlement railHTTP 402 payment flow
AuthorizationCore roleScheme-dependent
TransportIntegration with commerce protocolsHTTP-native
AdoptionPublic specification; individual deployments UnknownPublic implementations; merchant deployment Unknown
What it does not solveDoes not define the catalog API or replace a commerce protocol.Does not describe a retail order, shipping policy or return workflow.
Evidence3 source record(s)

Checked 2026-09-28

public-preview; scope-dependent

3 source record(s)

Checked 2026-09-28

live; scope-dependent

Unknown ≠ unsupported. Announcements and product documentation are not proof of your live integration.

Overlap and replacement risk

These entries occupy different layers. They can work together; replacing one with another may leave a commerce, communication or authorization gap. Keep your source of product truth, fulfillment responsibility and payment obligations explicit.

Evidence ledger

Go to the source.

Primary documentation records what is publicly stated. It does not independently prove outcomes or your account’s eligibility.

  • Agentic Payment Protocol v0.2

    AP2 project · official primary · Checked 2026-09-28

    Claim scope: Authorization mandates and receipts

    Payment authorization within a commerce protocol; catalog API details are out of scope.

    Source ID: ap2-spec · Published: Not stated

  • Agent Payments Protocol

    AP2 project · official primary · Checked 2026-09-28

    Claim scope: Stewardship and integrations

    Site states continued standardization within FIDO working groups.

    Source ID: ap2-home · Published: Not stated

  • Ap2 Releases — V1.1 source capture

    AP2 maintainers · official primary · Checked 2026-09-28

    Claim scope: Version metadata and documented changes only; not merchant adoption.

    SHA-256 of retrieved source response: 43572d4defa8d53e8ab8dbfe90cc2d6734892aa93fcce009015d73cf21336ad6

    Source ID: v11-ap2-releases · Published: Not stated

  • x402 repository

    x402 project · official primary · Checked 2026-09-28

    Claim scope: HTTP payment flow

    Repository says canonical development moved to x402 Foundation; Coinbase repo is a development fork.

    Source ID: x402-spec · Published: Not stated

  • x402 official site

    x402 · official primary · Checked 2026-09-28

    Claim scope: Internet-native payments

    Source ID: x402-site · Published: Not stated

  • X402 V2 — V1.1 source capture

    x402 maintainers · official primary · Checked 2026-09-28

    Claim scope: Version metadata and documented changes only; not merchant adoption.

    SHA-256 of retrieved source response: aa6dc5e8ccc7758689945fc7502674f51cd0f21f09ec886aa1dbc4cd86bc81b6

    Source ID: v11-x402-v2 · Published: Not stated

Dispute a fact or suggest a source